Le orbite eccentriche del compagno Gagarin
Note di iconologia del paesaggio urbano nell’Uzbekistan post-sovietico
Parole chiave:
Uzbekistan, post-sovietico, paesaggio urbano, memoria pubblica, identità nazionale
Abstract
Il testo analizza la trasformazione dello spazio monumentale di Tashkent dopo il crollo sovietico, mostrando come la rimozione dei simboli leninisti e l’introduzione di nuove figure – dal globo dell’indipendenza alle madri simboliche – risemantizzino la città in chiave nazionalista. Attraverso i casi di Lenin, Rashidov e Karimov emerge un processo complesso, dove rottura e continuità si intrecciano nella costruzione dell’identità uzbeka post-sovietica.
Downloads
I dati di download non sono ancora disponibili
Riferimenti bibliografici
Abashin S. (2012), Nation-construction in post-Soviet Central Asia, Bassin M., Kelly C. (a cura di), Soviet and Post-Soviet Identities, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 150-168.
Adams L.L. (2010), The Spectacular State: Culture and National Identity in Uzbekistan, Duke University Press, Durham.
Atkin M. (1994), Religious, National, and Other Identities in Central Asia, in J.-A. Gross (a cura di), Muslims in Central Asia: Expressions of Identity and Change, Duke University Press), Durham, pp. 46-72.
Bertele’ M. (2007), Farewell Lenin - Good Bye Nikolai. Two Attitudes Towards Soviet Heritage in Former East Berlin, “Meno Istorija ir Kritika”, 3, pp. 192-199.
Bonnell V.E. (1991), The Representation of Women in Early Soviet Political Art, “The Russian Review”, 50.3 (1991), pp. 267-288.
Bonnell V.E. (1997), Iconography of Power. Soviet Political Posters under Lenin and Stalin, University of California Press, Berkeley.
Brock M. (2021), Lenin as Cultural Icon, in Van Boven E., Winkler M. (a cura di), The Construction and Dynamics of Cultural Icons, Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam, pp. 45-62.
Buchli J. M. (1999), An Archaeology of Socialism, Berg Publishers, Oxford-New York.
Buttino M. (2015), Samarcanda. Storie in una città dal 1945 a oggi, Viella Editrice, Roma.
Chukhovich B., Del Curto D., Golovatyuk E. (2025), a cura di, Tashkent Modernism XX/XXI, Lars Müller Publishers, Zürich.
Clark W.A. (1993), Crime and Punishment in Soviet Officialdom: Combating Corruption in the Soviet Elite, 1965-90, Routledge, London - New York.
Clark K. (2011), Moscow, the Fourth Rome: Stalinism, Cosmopolitanism, and the Evolution of Soviet Culture, 1931-1941, Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA.
Cucciolla R.M. (2017), The Crisis of Soviet Power in Central Asia: The ‘Uzbek cotton affair’ (1975-1991), dissertazione dottorale, IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca.
Cucciolla R.M. (2020), Sharaf Rashidov and the international dimensions of Soviet Uzbekistan, “Central Asian Survey”, 39.2, pp. 185-201.
Dave B. (2002), Kazakhstan: Ethnicity, Nation Building, and Post-Soviet Memory, Routledge, London.
Di Leo D. (2018), L’iconografia del sovietismo, in Dammiano E., Gironi Carnevale E., Mari E., Trukhanova O. (a cura di), (S)confinamenti Rapporti fra letteratura e arti figurative in area slava, UniversItalia, Roma, pp. 69-90.
Dobrenko E., Naiman (2003), a cura di, The Landscape of Stalinism: The Art and Ideology of Soviet Space, University of Washington Press, Washington.
Dzhumabaev A. (2016), The Red Ritual: The Soviet Wedding Rite in Postwar Kyrgyzstan, Dissertazione dottorale, Central European University.
Fabbri S. (2005), I volti del potere sovietico. L’immagine del capo tra tradizione e rinnovamento, “Studi Urbinati sez. B - Scienze Umane e Sociali”, 75, pp. 273-301.
Fierman W. (1995), Problems of Language Law Implementation in Uzbekistan, “Nationalities Papers”, 23.3, pp. 573‑595.
Gabowitsch M. (2018), The Limits of Iconoclasm: Soviet War Memorials since the End of Socialism, “International Public History” 1.2, 2018, pp. 1-6.
Golómstok I. (1991), Arte totalitaria nella Russia di Stalin, nella Germania di Hitler, nell’Italia di Mussolini e nella Cina di Mao, Milano.
Groys B. (1992), The Total Art of Stalinism: Avant-Garde, Aesthetic Dictatorship, and Beyond, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Gürbüz Y.E. (2019), Historiography and National Identity in Uzbekistan, “Journal of Turkish World Studies”, 19. 2, pp. 277-301.
Haase C.-P. (2023), Constructing and Contesting Holy Places in Medieval Islam and Beyond, Leiden Brill.
Heumann A. (1992), Architecture and Ideology in Eastern Europe during the Stalin Era, MIT Press, Cambridge MA.
Jenks A.L. (2019), The Cosmonaut who couldn’t Stop Smiling: the Life and Legend of Yuri Gagarin, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb.
Khalid A. (2015), Making Uzbekistan: Nation, Empire, and Revolution in the Early USSR, Cornell University Press, Ithaca - London.
Kaganovich A. (1982), Sovetskaia monumental’naia skul’ptura 1918–1980, Moskva, pp. 112-115.
Kirill Ch. (2002), Kirill. Turkmenistan: The Politics of Isolation and Identity, Routledge, London.
Kulahmatovich K.K., Bohodirovich I.M. (2021), The 1966 Tashkent Earthquake and the People of Tashkent, “Linguistics and Culture Review”, 5, pp. 1439-1450.
Lane Ch. (1979), Ritual and Ceremony in Contemporary Soviet Society, “The Sociological Review”, 27, pp. 251-278.
Laruelle M. (2000), Russia’s Central Asian Policy: Historical and Political Context, “Central Asian Survey”, 19.2, 2000, pp. 189-205.
Litchfield R. et alii (2014), Soviet Ghosts: The Soviet Union Abandoned: A Communist Empire in Decay, Carpet Bombing Culture, Darlington 2014.
Mc Daniel K. (2022), Rocket man: Yuri Gagarin’s Image in the Soviet & Post Soviet Imaginary, Dissertazione dottorale, University of Colorado.
Norboevich K.N. (2021), Seismic Processes in Uzbekistan: History of the Tashkent Earthquake, “International Journal on Integrated Education”, 4.6, pp. 11-15.
Olcott M.B. (1996), Central Asia’s New States: Independence, Foreign Policy, and Regional Security, United States Institute of Peace Press, Washington D.C.
Olivier R. (2000), The New Central Asia: Geopolitics and the Birth of Nations, I.B. Tauris, London - New York.
Paperny V. (2002), Architecture in the Age of Stalin: Culture Two, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Paskaleva E.G. (2016), Commemorating Tamerlane: ideological and iconographical approaches at the Timurid Museum, “IIAS Newsletter”, 74, pp. 29-44.
Piretto G.P. (2002), Tradizione e innovazione nella cultura visuale sovietica, in Piretto G.P. (a cura di), Parole, immagini, suoni di Russia. Saggi di metodologia della cultura, Unicopli, Milano, pp. 112-129.
Raab N. (2014), The Tashkent Earthquake of 1966: The Advantages and Disadvantages of a Natural Tragedy, “Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas”, 62.2, pp. 273-294.
Reid S.E. (1997), Destalinization and Taste, 1953 1963, “Journal of Design History”, 10.2, pp. 177-197.
Riabov O. (2020), The Symbol of the Motherland in the Legitimation and Delegitimation of Power in Contemporary Russia, “Nationalities Papers”, 48.4, pp. 752-767.
Riabushin A., Smolina N. (1992), Landmarks of Soviet Architectu-re, 1917‑1991, Rizzoli, New York.
Rockwell T. (2006), The Molding of the Rising Generation: Soviet Propaganda and the Hero-Myth of Iurii Gagarin, “Past Imperfect”, 12, pp. 1-34.
Ruschena N. (2019), L’eredità di Tamerlano, “Meridiani”, 248, pp. 25-33.
Sahadeo J. (2010), Russian Colonial Society in Tashkent, 1865‑1923, Indiana University Press, Bloomington.
Schlögel K. (2023), Schlögel, The Soviet Century: Archaeology of a Lost World, Princeton University Press, Princeton (english edition).
Sharafutdinova G. (2019), Was There a “Simple Soviet” Person? Debating the Politics and Sociology of “Homo Sovieticus”, “Slavic Review”, 78, pp. 173-195.
Siddiqi A.A. (2000), Challenge to Apollo: The Soviet Union and the Space Race, 1945–1974, “NASA History Series”, Washington D.C.
Sinjavskji A. (1977), Che cosa è il realismo socialista, Edipem, Novara.
Stronski P. (2010), Tashkent: Forging a Soviet City (1930-1966), University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh.
Tana F.S. (2019a), Il gioco delle tre carte, “Meridiani”, 248, pp. 46-48.
Tana F.S. (2019b), Il primo presidente, “Meridiani”, 248, pp. 50-53.
Thubrov C. (2007), Il cuore perduto dell’Asia, Tea, Milano (edizione italiana).
Tomaszewicz A. (2021), Sculpture in Socialist Realism - Soviet Patterns and the Polish Reality, “Arts” 11.6, pp. 1-22.
Trifonov D.P. (1992), Spitak: The Tragedy and the Reconstruction, Progress Publishers, Moscow.
Tumarkin N. (1983), Lenin Lives! The Lenin Cult in Soviet Russia, Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA.
Von Geldern J. (1986), Lenin as a Hero: Visual Culture and Soviet Political Iconography, “Slavic Review”, Vol. 45. 3, pp. 389-412.
Yusupova (M.) 2012, Islamic Architecture of Uzbekistan: Development and Features, “Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization”, 2.2, pp. 51-70.
Xatamov A.K. (2025), Ilxom Jabbarov; maestroning ijodi va hayoti, “Ilm Fan Xabarnomasi”, 7.1, pp. 145-147.
Adams L.L. (2010), The Spectacular State: Culture and National Identity in Uzbekistan, Duke University Press, Durham.
Atkin M. (1994), Religious, National, and Other Identities in Central Asia, in J.-A. Gross (a cura di), Muslims in Central Asia: Expressions of Identity and Change, Duke University Press), Durham, pp. 46-72.
Bertele’ M. (2007), Farewell Lenin - Good Bye Nikolai. Two Attitudes Towards Soviet Heritage in Former East Berlin, “Meno Istorija ir Kritika”, 3, pp. 192-199.
Bonnell V.E. (1991), The Representation of Women in Early Soviet Political Art, “The Russian Review”, 50.3 (1991), pp. 267-288.
Bonnell V.E. (1997), Iconography of Power. Soviet Political Posters under Lenin and Stalin, University of California Press, Berkeley.
Brock M. (2021), Lenin as Cultural Icon, in Van Boven E., Winkler M. (a cura di), The Construction and Dynamics of Cultural Icons, Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam, pp. 45-62.
Buchli J. M. (1999), An Archaeology of Socialism, Berg Publishers, Oxford-New York.
Buttino M. (2015), Samarcanda. Storie in una città dal 1945 a oggi, Viella Editrice, Roma.
Chukhovich B., Del Curto D., Golovatyuk E. (2025), a cura di, Tashkent Modernism XX/XXI, Lars Müller Publishers, Zürich.
Clark W.A. (1993), Crime and Punishment in Soviet Officialdom: Combating Corruption in the Soviet Elite, 1965-90, Routledge, London - New York.
Clark K. (2011), Moscow, the Fourth Rome: Stalinism, Cosmopolitanism, and the Evolution of Soviet Culture, 1931-1941, Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA.
Cucciolla R.M. (2017), The Crisis of Soviet Power in Central Asia: The ‘Uzbek cotton affair’ (1975-1991), dissertazione dottorale, IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca.
Cucciolla R.M. (2020), Sharaf Rashidov and the international dimensions of Soviet Uzbekistan, “Central Asian Survey”, 39.2, pp. 185-201.
Dave B. (2002), Kazakhstan: Ethnicity, Nation Building, and Post-Soviet Memory, Routledge, London.
Di Leo D. (2018), L’iconografia del sovietismo, in Dammiano E., Gironi Carnevale E., Mari E., Trukhanova O. (a cura di), (S)confinamenti Rapporti fra letteratura e arti figurative in area slava, UniversItalia, Roma, pp. 69-90.
Dobrenko E., Naiman (2003), a cura di, The Landscape of Stalinism: The Art and Ideology of Soviet Space, University of Washington Press, Washington.
Dzhumabaev A. (2016), The Red Ritual: The Soviet Wedding Rite in Postwar Kyrgyzstan, Dissertazione dottorale, Central European University.
Fabbri S. (2005), I volti del potere sovietico. L’immagine del capo tra tradizione e rinnovamento, “Studi Urbinati sez. B - Scienze Umane e Sociali”, 75, pp. 273-301.
Fierman W. (1995), Problems of Language Law Implementation in Uzbekistan, “Nationalities Papers”, 23.3, pp. 573‑595.
Gabowitsch M. (2018), The Limits of Iconoclasm: Soviet War Memorials since the End of Socialism, “International Public History” 1.2, 2018, pp. 1-6.
Golómstok I. (1991), Arte totalitaria nella Russia di Stalin, nella Germania di Hitler, nell’Italia di Mussolini e nella Cina di Mao, Milano.
Groys B. (1992), The Total Art of Stalinism: Avant-Garde, Aesthetic Dictatorship, and Beyond, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Gürbüz Y.E. (2019), Historiography and National Identity in Uzbekistan, “Journal of Turkish World Studies”, 19. 2, pp. 277-301.
Haase C.-P. (2023), Constructing and Contesting Holy Places in Medieval Islam and Beyond, Leiden Brill.
Heumann A. (1992), Architecture and Ideology in Eastern Europe during the Stalin Era, MIT Press, Cambridge MA.
Jenks A.L. (2019), The Cosmonaut who couldn’t Stop Smiling: the Life and Legend of Yuri Gagarin, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb.
Khalid A. (2015), Making Uzbekistan: Nation, Empire, and Revolution in the Early USSR, Cornell University Press, Ithaca - London.
Kaganovich A. (1982), Sovetskaia monumental’naia skul’ptura 1918–1980, Moskva, pp. 112-115.
Kirill Ch. (2002), Kirill. Turkmenistan: The Politics of Isolation and Identity, Routledge, London.
Kulahmatovich K.K., Bohodirovich I.M. (2021), The 1966 Tashkent Earthquake and the People of Tashkent, “Linguistics and Culture Review”, 5, pp. 1439-1450.
Lane Ch. (1979), Ritual and Ceremony in Contemporary Soviet Society, “The Sociological Review”, 27, pp. 251-278.
Laruelle M. (2000), Russia’s Central Asian Policy: Historical and Political Context, “Central Asian Survey”, 19.2, 2000, pp. 189-205.
Litchfield R. et alii (2014), Soviet Ghosts: The Soviet Union Abandoned: A Communist Empire in Decay, Carpet Bombing Culture, Darlington 2014.
Mc Daniel K. (2022), Rocket man: Yuri Gagarin’s Image in the Soviet & Post Soviet Imaginary, Dissertazione dottorale, University of Colorado.
Norboevich K.N. (2021), Seismic Processes in Uzbekistan: History of the Tashkent Earthquake, “International Journal on Integrated Education”, 4.6, pp. 11-15.
Olcott M.B. (1996), Central Asia’s New States: Independence, Foreign Policy, and Regional Security, United States Institute of Peace Press, Washington D.C.
Olivier R. (2000), The New Central Asia: Geopolitics and the Birth of Nations, I.B. Tauris, London - New York.
Paperny V. (2002), Architecture in the Age of Stalin: Culture Two, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Paskaleva E.G. (2016), Commemorating Tamerlane: ideological and iconographical approaches at the Timurid Museum, “IIAS Newsletter”, 74, pp. 29-44.
Piretto G.P. (2002), Tradizione e innovazione nella cultura visuale sovietica, in Piretto G.P. (a cura di), Parole, immagini, suoni di Russia. Saggi di metodologia della cultura, Unicopli, Milano, pp. 112-129.
Raab N. (2014), The Tashkent Earthquake of 1966: The Advantages and Disadvantages of a Natural Tragedy, “Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas”, 62.2, pp. 273-294.
Reid S.E. (1997), Destalinization and Taste, 1953 1963, “Journal of Design History”, 10.2, pp. 177-197.
Riabov O. (2020), The Symbol of the Motherland in the Legitimation and Delegitimation of Power in Contemporary Russia, “Nationalities Papers”, 48.4, pp. 752-767.
Riabushin A., Smolina N. (1992), Landmarks of Soviet Architectu-re, 1917‑1991, Rizzoli, New York.
Rockwell T. (2006), The Molding of the Rising Generation: Soviet Propaganda and the Hero-Myth of Iurii Gagarin, “Past Imperfect”, 12, pp. 1-34.
Ruschena N. (2019), L’eredità di Tamerlano, “Meridiani”, 248, pp. 25-33.
Sahadeo J. (2010), Russian Colonial Society in Tashkent, 1865‑1923, Indiana University Press, Bloomington.
Schlögel K. (2023), Schlögel, The Soviet Century: Archaeology of a Lost World, Princeton University Press, Princeton (english edition).
Sharafutdinova G. (2019), Was There a “Simple Soviet” Person? Debating the Politics and Sociology of “Homo Sovieticus”, “Slavic Review”, 78, pp. 173-195.
Siddiqi A.A. (2000), Challenge to Apollo: The Soviet Union and the Space Race, 1945–1974, “NASA History Series”, Washington D.C.
Sinjavskji A. (1977), Che cosa è il realismo socialista, Edipem, Novara.
Stronski P. (2010), Tashkent: Forging a Soviet City (1930-1966), University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh.
Tana F.S. (2019a), Il gioco delle tre carte, “Meridiani”, 248, pp. 46-48.
Tana F.S. (2019b), Il primo presidente, “Meridiani”, 248, pp. 50-53.
Thubrov C. (2007), Il cuore perduto dell’Asia, Tea, Milano (edizione italiana).
Tomaszewicz A. (2021), Sculpture in Socialist Realism - Soviet Patterns and the Polish Reality, “Arts” 11.6, pp. 1-22.
Trifonov D.P. (1992), Spitak: The Tragedy and the Reconstruction, Progress Publishers, Moscow.
Tumarkin N. (1983), Lenin Lives! The Lenin Cult in Soviet Russia, Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA.
Von Geldern J. (1986), Lenin as a Hero: Visual Culture and Soviet Political Iconography, “Slavic Review”, Vol. 45. 3, pp. 389-412.
Yusupova (M.) 2012, Islamic Architecture of Uzbekistan: Development and Features, “Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization”, 2.2, pp. 51-70.
Xatamov A.K. (2025), Ilxom Jabbarov; maestroning ijodi va hayoti, “Ilm Fan Xabarnomasi”, 7.1, pp. 145-147.
Pubblicato
2026-01-30
Come citare
Giuman, M. (2026). Le orbite eccentriche del compagno Gagarin. Medea, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.13125/medea-6822
Fascicolo
Sezione
Argonauti
Copyright (c) 2026 Marco Giuman
Questo lavoro è fornito con la licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione 4.0 Internazionale.
Con la licenza CC-BY, gli autori mantengono il copyright sui propri contributi, garantendo a chiunque la possibilità di scaricare, riusare, ristampare, modificare, distribuire e/o copiare i materiali pubblicati da Medea, con la sola condizione che siano correttamente citati l’autore e il titolo della rivista.
Medea, avendo pubblicato tali contributi, si riserva il diritto di pubblicarli per intero o in parte in ristampe o in suoi numeri monografici, sia in formato elettronico sia, eventualmente, a stampa.
