Redes aristocráticas en el Mediterráneo occidental helenístico. Roma y Cartago como modelo
Abstract
El presente trabajo explora las complejas redes comerciales que operaban en el Mediterráneo helenístico-romano y que se articulaban específicamente a través de las élites económicas. Uno de estos tejidos conectaba a la aristocracia romana con su contraparte cartaginesa. Tal fenómeno puede observarse tanto en el desarrollo histórico de las relaciones entre ambos estados como en la aparición de vínculos individuales entre componentes de estos grupos sociales. El estudio postula que estas relaciones pudieron generarse a partir de los contactos diplomáticos forjados a raíz de los foedera entre Roma y Cartago, el primero de ellos sellado en 509 a.C. La hospitalidad pública inherente a este contexto habría sentado las bases de los pactos de hospitia privata entre determinadas familias, que permanecían vigentes en época de las guerras púnicas.
Riferimenti bibliografici
Adornato G. (2003), L’area sacra di S. Omobono: per una revisione della documentazione ar-chaeologica, MEFRA, 115, 809-835.
Almonte M., Guarnieri F., Xella P., Rinaldi F., Russo A., Zamora López J. Á. (2019), Quasi amiche, Archeo, 417, 50-69.
Álvarez Martí-Aguilar M.A (2017), The Network of Melqart: Tyre, Gadir, Carthage and the Foun-ding God, War, Warlords, and Interstate Relations in the Ancient Mediterranean, Ñaco T.; López Sánchez F. [eds.], 113-150.
Álvarez Martí-Aguilar M.A. (2019), Tyrian connections: Evolving Identities in the Punic West, in Roman Turdetania: Romanization, Identity and Socio-Cultural Interaction in the South of the Iberian Peninsula between the 4th and 1st centuries BCE, Cruz Andreotti G. [ed.], Leiden, 108-129.
Ashby T.; Platner S.B. (1929) A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, London.
Auliard C. (2009), Cadeaux et marchandages diplomatiques à Rome jusqu’au début de la con-quête Méditerranéenne, Veleia, 26, 63-73.
Badian E. (1958), Foreign Clientelae (264-70 BC), Oxford.
Balbín Chamorro P. (2006), Hospitalidad y patronato en la península ibérica durante la Anti-güedad, Salamanca.
Barceló P. (2011), Punic Politics, Economy and Alliances, 218-201 B.C., A Companion to The Punic Wars, Hoyos D. [ed.], Oxford, 357-375.
Battiloro I. (2021), Diálogo romano-lucano: las élites locales y la integración cultural en la Lu-cania de la República tardía, Encuentros con las élites del Mediterráneo antiguo. Liderazgo, es-tilos de vida, legitimidad, Beck H., Gallego J., García Mac Gaw C., Pina Polo F. [eds.], Buenos Ai-res, 127-148.
Beck H., Gallego J., García Mac Gaw C., Pina Polo F. (2021) [eds.], Encuentros con las élites del Mediterráneo antiguo. Liderazgo, estilos de vida, legitimidad, Buenos Aires.
Bederman D.J. (2001), International Law in Antiquity, New York.
Bernard S. (2018), Political Competition and Economic Change in Mid-Republican Rome, in Eris vs. Aemulatio. Valuing Competition in Classical Antiquity, Damon C., Pieper C. [eds.], 230-250.
Bintliff J. (2013), The Hellenistic to Roman Mediterranean: a Proto-Capitalism Revolution?, Economic archaeology: from structure to performance in European archaeology, Kerig T.; Zimmermann A. [eds.], Bonn, 285-293.
Bolchazy L.J. (1977), Hospitality in Early Rome: Livy’s Concept of Its Humanizing Force, Chica-go.
Brizzi G. (2011), Carthage and Hannibal in Roman and Greek Memory, A Companion to The Pu-nic Wars, Hoyos D. [ed.], Oxford, 483-498.
Broughton T.R.S. (1951-52), The magistrates of the Roman Republic, New York.
Burton P.J. (2011), Friendship and Empire. Roman Diplomacy and Imperialism in the Middle Republic (353-146 BC), Cambridge.
Champion C.B. (2014), Interstate Relations, Federal States, Colonization, and Empire during the Roman Republic, A Companion to Greek Democracy and the Roman Republic, Oxford, 329-345.
Coudry M. (2004), Contrôle et traitement des ambassadeurs étrangers sous la République ro-maine, La mobilité des personnes en Méditerranée de l’Antiquité à l’époque moderne : procé-dures de contrôle et documents d’identifications, Moatti C. [dir.], Roma, 529-565.
Crawford M.H. (1977), Rome and the Greek World: Economic Relationships, The Economic History Review, 30, 42-52.
Da Silva A.C.F. (1983), As tesserae hospitalis de Castro de Senhora de Saude ou Monte Murado (Pedroso V. N. Gaia). Contributo para o Estudio da institucoes o povoamento da Hispania An-tigua, Gaia 1, 14-17.
Diffendale D.P., Brocato P., Terrenato N., Brock A.L. (2016), Sant’Omobono: an interim status quaestionis, JRA, 29, 7-42.
Dopico Caínzos, Mª. D. (2016), Iuppiter hospitibus nam te dare iura loquuntur (Virg. Aen. 1). Los fundamentos del hospitium romano, Les Études Classiques, 84, 181-208.
Eckstein A.M. (1987), Senate and General. Individual Decision-Making and Roman Foreign Re-lations 264-194 B.C., London.
Eckstein A.M. (2006), Mediterranean Anarchy, Interstate War, and the Rise of Rome, Berkeley.
Francis X.R. (1998), Rank and participation in the Roman Senate, Stuttgart.
García Riaza E. (2011), Derecho de guerra en Occidente durante la expansión romano-republicana. Planteamientos metodológicos, De fronteras a provincias. Interacción e Integra-ción en Occidente (ss. III-I a.C.), García Riaza E. [ed.], Palma, 31-65.
García Riaza E.; Sánchez Moreno E. (2014), ¿Del mercado al tratado? el papel del comercio itáli-co en las relaciones celtíbero-romanas anteriores a la provincialización, Nuevos hallazgos, nuevas interpretaciones: VII Simposio sobre Celtíberos, Chordá M.; Burillo F. [eds.], 435-444.
Geus K. (1994), Prosopographie Der Literarisch Bezeugten Karthager, Leuven.
Gómez de Caso Zuriaga J.F. (1994), El olvidado tratado de 239/8, sus fuentes y el número de tra-tados púnico-romanos, Polis, 6, 93-141.
Grass B. (2014), Les présents diplomatiques à Rome (IIIè-Iè siècle av. J.-C.), La diplomatie ro-maine sous la République : réflexions sur une pratique, Grass B. ; Stouder G. [eds.], Besançon, 147-174.
Hernández Prieto (2017), Hispania y los tratados romano-púnicos, Vitoria.
Hoyos D. (2010), The Carthaginians, New York.
Hoyos D. (2011), Carthage in Africa and Spain, 241–218, A Companion to The Punic Wars, Ho-yos D. [ed.] Oxford, 204-222.
Iriarte Goñi A. (2007), La institución de la Xenia: pactos y acogidas en la antigua Grecia, Gerión, 25, 197-206.
Jaeger M. (2015), Urban Landscape, Monuments, and the Building of Memory in Livy, A Compa-nion to Livy, Mineo B. [ed.], Oxford, 65-77.
Lancel S. (1997), Aníbal, Barcelona.
Leidwanger J., Knappett C. (2018) [eds.], Maritime Networks in the Ancient Mediterranean World, Cambridge.
Lomas K. (2012), The Weakest Link: Elite Social Networks in Republican Italy, Processes of In-tegration and Identity Formation in the Roman Republic, Roselaar S. T. [ED.], Leiden, 197-213.
Lubtchansky N. (2017), Iconography and Iconology. Nineteenth to Twenty-First Centuries, Etruscology, Naso A. [ed.], Berlin, 79-94.
Malkin I. (2013), A Small Greek World. Networks in the Ancient Mediterranean, Oxford.
Marx K.; Engels F. (1954), Manifiesto comunista 1848-1948. Traducción del alemán por Mauricio Amster, Santiago de Chile.
Marx K. (1974), Miseria de la filosofía. Prólogo de Diego Abad de Santillán, Madrid.
McCall J. (2018), Clan Fabius, Defenders of Rome: A History of the Republic’s Most Illustrious Family, Barnslet.
Martínez Hahnmüller V. (2016), Los Barca, una familia aristocrática de Cartago durante el siglo III a.C. Aspectos sociales, económicos y políticos, Habis, 47, 171-186.
Miles R. (2011), Hannibal and Propaganda, A Companion to The Punic Wars, Hoyos D. [ed.], Oxford, 260-279.
Mineo B. (2015), Livy’s Political and Moral Values and the Principate, A Companion to Livy, Mi-neo B. [ed.], Oxford, 139-152.
Nicols J. (2001), Hospitium and Political Friendship in the Late Republic, Aspects of Friendship in the Graeco-Roman World, Proceedings of the Conference held at the Seminar fur Alte Ges-chichte (Heidelberg, 10-11 June 2000), Peachin M. [ed.], Portsmouth, 99-108.
Nicols J. (2011), The Practice of Hospitium on The Roman Frontier, Frontiers in the Roman World, Kaizer T.; Hekster O. [eds.], Leiden, 321-334.
Ñaco T., Principal J., Dobson M. (2022) [eds.], Rome and the north-western Mediterranean: In-tegration and connectivity c. 150–70 BC, Oxford.
Oliver G.J. (2011), Mobility, Society and Economy in the Hellenistic Period, in The Economies of Hellenistic Societies, Third to First Centuries BC, Archibald C., Davies J.K., Gabrielsen V. [eds.], 345-367.
Palmer R. E. (1997), Rome and Carthage at Peace, Stuttgart.
Picard G., Picard G.Ch. (1982), La vie quotidienne à Carthage au temps d’Hannibal (IIIè siècle av. J.C.), Paris.
Pina Polo F. (2011) The Consul at Rome. The Civil Functions of the Consuls in the Roman Re-public, Cambridge.
Pisanu, G. (2010), Sulla cronologia di Olbia punica, L’Africa Romana. I luoghi e le forme dei mes-tieri e della produzione nelle province africane . Atti del XVIII convegno di studio, Olbia, 11-14 dicembre 2008, Milanese M., Ruggeri P., Vismara C. [eds.], Roma, 1735-1742.
Prag J.R.W. (2010), Tyrannizing Sicily. The despots who cried ‘Carthage!”, Public and Private Lies. The Discourse of Despotism and Deceit in Antiquity, Vervaet F., Turner A., Chong-Gossard K.O. [eds.], Leiden, 51-71.
Prag J., Quinn J. (2013) [eds.], The Hellenistic West: Rethinking the Ancient Mediterranean, Cambridge.
Rasmussen T.B. (1979), Bucchero Pottery from Southern Etruria, Cambridge.
Rasmussen T.B. (2016), Bucchero, Caere, Thompson de Grummond N.; Pieraccini L. [eds.], Te-xas, 173-182.
Rosenstein N. (2006), Aristocratic Values, A Companion to the Roman Republic, Rosenstein N.; Morstein-Marx R. [eds.], Oxford, 365-382.
Rosselló Calafell G. (2023), Relaciones exteriores y praxis diplomática cartaginesa. El período de las guerras púnicas, Zaragoza-Sevilla.
Ruiz Cabrero L. (2008), Dedicantes en los tofet: la sociedad fenicia en el Mediterráneo, Gerión, 26, 89-148.
Salinas de Frías M. (1983), La función del hospitium y la clientela en la conquista y romaniza-ción de Celtiberia, Studia Histórica Historia Antigua, 1, 21-42.
Sánchez P. (2024), Foedus ictum: les rites de sanction des traités romains sous la République et les Julio-Claudiens, Basel.
Sánchez Moreno E.; García Riaza E. (2024) [Eds.], The Materiality of Diplomacy in the Hellenis-tic-Roman Mediterranean: Gifts, Bribes, Offerings, Edinburgh.
Saumagne C. (1966), La Numidia et Rome. Massinissa et Jugurtha, Paris.
Scardigli B. (2011), Early Relations between Rome and Carthage, A Companion to The Punic Wars, Hoyos D. [ed.], Oxford, 28-38.
Syme R. (1939), The Roman Revolution, Oxford.
Terrenato N. (2019), The Early Roman Expansion into Italy. Elite Negotiation and Family Agen-das, Cambridge.
Torregaray E. (2006), Los espacios de la diplomacia republicana, Caesarodunum, XL, 223-258.
Van Dommelen P., Knapp B. (2010) [eds.], Material Connections in the Ancient Mediterranean: Mobility, Materiality and Identity, London-New York.
Walsh P.G. (1961), Livy. His Historical Aims and Methods, Cambridge.
Westall R. (2015), Moving through Town: Foreign Dignataries in Rome in the Middle and Late Republic, The Moving City. Processions, Passages and Promenades in Ancient Rome, Östen-berg I., Malmberg S., Bjørnebye J. [eds.], London, 23-36.
Zimmermann K. (2011), Roman Strategy and Aims in the Second Punic War, A Companion to The Punic Wars, Hoyos D. [ed.], Oxford, 280-298.
Almonte M., Guarnieri F., Xella P., Rinaldi F., Russo A., Zamora López J. Á. (2019), Quasi amiche, Archeo, 417, 50-69.
Álvarez Martí-Aguilar M.A (2017), The Network of Melqart: Tyre, Gadir, Carthage and the Foun-ding God, War, Warlords, and Interstate Relations in the Ancient Mediterranean, Ñaco T.; López Sánchez F. [eds.], 113-150.
Álvarez Martí-Aguilar M.A. (2019), Tyrian connections: Evolving Identities in the Punic West, in Roman Turdetania: Romanization, Identity and Socio-Cultural Interaction in the South of the Iberian Peninsula between the 4th and 1st centuries BCE, Cruz Andreotti G. [ed.], Leiden, 108-129.
Ashby T.; Platner S.B. (1929) A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, London.
Auliard C. (2009), Cadeaux et marchandages diplomatiques à Rome jusqu’au début de la con-quête Méditerranéenne, Veleia, 26, 63-73.
Badian E. (1958), Foreign Clientelae (264-70 BC), Oxford.
Balbín Chamorro P. (2006), Hospitalidad y patronato en la península ibérica durante la Anti-güedad, Salamanca.
Barceló P. (2011), Punic Politics, Economy and Alliances, 218-201 B.C., A Companion to The Punic Wars, Hoyos D. [ed.], Oxford, 357-375.
Battiloro I. (2021), Diálogo romano-lucano: las élites locales y la integración cultural en la Lu-cania de la República tardía, Encuentros con las élites del Mediterráneo antiguo. Liderazgo, es-tilos de vida, legitimidad, Beck H., Gallego J., García Mac Gaw C., Pina Polo F. [eds.], Buenos Ai-res, 127-148.
Beck H., Gallego J., García Mac Gaw C., Pina Polo F. (2021) [eds.], Encuentros con las élites del Mediterráneo antiguo. Liderazgo, estilos de vida, legitimidad, Buenos Aires.
Bederman D.J. (2001), International Law in Antiquity, New York.
Bernard S. (2018), Political Competition and Economic Change in Mid-Republican Rome, in Eris vs. Aemulatio. Valuing Competition in Classical Antiquity, Damon C., Pieper C. [eds.], 230-250.
Bintliff J. (2013), The Hellenistic to Roman Mediterranean: a Proto-Capitalism Revolution?, Economic archaeology: from structure to performance in European archaeology, Kerig T.; Zimmermann A. [eds.], Bonn, 285-293.
Bolchazy L.J. (1977), Hospitality in Early Rome: Livy’s Concept of Its Humanizing Force, Chica-go.
Brizzi G. (2011), Carthage and Hannibal in Roman and Greek Memory, A Companion to The Pu-nic Wars, Hoyos D. [ed.], Oxford, 483-498.
Broughton T.R.S. (1951-52), The magistrates of the Roman Republic, New York.
Burton P.J. (2011), Friendship and Empire. Roman Diplomacy and Imperialism in the Middle Republic (353-146 BC), Cambridge.
Champion C.B. (2014), Interstate Relations, Federal States, Colonization, and Empire during the Roman Republic, A Companion to Greek Democracy and the Roman Republic, Oxford, 329-345.
Coudry M. (2004), Contrôle et traitement des ambassadeurs étrangers sous la République ro-maine, La mobilité des personnes en Méditerranée de l’Antiquité à l’époque moderne : procé-dures de contrôle et documents d’identifications, Moatti C. [dir.], Roma, 529-565.
Crawford M.H. (1977), Rome and the Greek World: Economic Relationships, The Economic History Review, 30, 42-52.
Da Silva A.C.F. (1983), As tesserae hospitalis de Castro de Senhora de Saude ou Monte Murado (Pedroso V. N. Gaia). Contributo para o Estudio da institucoes o povoamento da Hispania An-tigua, Gaia 1, 14-17.
Diffendale D.P., Brocato P., Terrenato N., Brock A.L. (2016), Sant’Omobono: an interim status quaestionis, JRA, 29, 7-42.
Dopico Caínzos, Mª. D. (2016), Iuppiter hospitibus nam te dare iura loquuntur (Virg. Aen. 1). Los fundamentos del hospitium romano, Les Études Classiques, 84, 181-208.
Eckstein A.M. (1987), Senate and General. Individual Decision-Making and Roman Foreign Re-lations 264-194 B.C., London.
Eckstein A.M. (2006), Mediterranean Anarchy, Interstate War, and the Rise of Rome, Berkeley.
Francis X.R. (1998), Rank and participation in the Roman Senate, Stuttgart.
García Riaza E. (2011), Derecho de guerra en Occidente durante la expansión romano-republicana. Planteamientos metodológicos, De fronteras a provincias. Interacción e Integra-ción en Occidente (ss. III-I a.C.), García Riaza E. [ed.], Palma, 31-65.
García Riaza E.; Sánchez Moreno E. (2014), ¿Del mercado al tratado? el papel del comercio itáli-co en las relaciones celtíbero-romanas anteriores a la provincialización, Nuevos hallazgos, nuevas interpretaciones: VII Simposio sobre Celtíberos, Chordá M.; Burillo F. [eds.], 435-444.
Geus K. (1994), Prosopographie Der Literarisch Bezeugten Karthager, Leuven.
Gómez de Caso Zuriaga J.F. (1994), El olvidado tratado de 239/8, sus fuentes y el número de tra-tados púnico-romanos, Polis, 6, 93-141.
Grass B. (2014), Les présents diplomatiques à Rome (IIIè-Iè siècle av. J.-C.), La diplomatie ro-maine sous la République : réflexions sur une pratique, Grass B. ; Stouder G. [eds.], Besançon, 147-174.
Hernández Prieto (2017), Hispania y los tratados romano-púnicos, Vitoria.
Hoyos D. (2010), The Carthaginians, New York.
Hoyos D. (2011), Carthage in Africa and Spain, 241–218, A Companion to The Punic Wars, Ho-yos D. [ed.] Oxford, 204-222.
Iriarte Goñi A. (2007), La institución de la Xenia: pactos y acogidas en la antigua Grecia, Gerión, 25, 197-206.
Jaeger M. (2015), Urban Landscape, Monuments, and the Building of Memory in Livy, A Compa-nion to Livy, Mineo B. [ed.], Oxford, 65-77.
Lancel S. (1997), Aníbal, Barcelona.
Leidwanger J., Knappett C. (2018) [eds.], Maritime Networks in the Ancient Mediterranean World, Cambridge.
Lomas K. (2012), The Weakest Link: Elite Social Networks in Republican Italy, Processes of In-tegration and Identity Formation in the Roman Republic, Roselaar S. T. [ED.], Leiden, 197-213.
Lubtchansky N. (2017), Iconography and Iconology. Nineteenth to Twenty-First Centuries, Etruscology, Naso A. [ed.], Berlin, 79-94.
Malkin I. (2013), A Small Greek World. Networks in the Ancient Mediterranean, Oxford.
Marx K.; Engels F. (1954), Manifiesto comunista 1848-1948. Traducción del alemán por Mauricio Amster, Santiago de Chile.
Marx K. (1974), Miseria de la filosofía. Prólogo de Diego Abad de Santillán, Madrid.
McCall J. (2018), Clan Fabius, Defenders of Rome: A History of the Republic’s Most Illustrious Family, Barnslet.
Martínez Hahnmüller V. (2016), Los Barca, una familia aristocrática de Cartago durante el siglo III a.C. Aspectos sociales, económicos y políticos, Habis, 47, 171-186.
Miles R. (2011), Hannibal and Propaganda, A Companion to The Punic Wars, Hoyos D. [ed.], Oxford, 260-279.
Mineo B. (2015), Livy’s Political and Moral Values and the Principate, A Companion to Livy, Mi-neo B. [ed.], Oxford, 139-152.
Nicols J. (2001), Hospitium and Political Friendship in the Late Republic, Aspects of Friendship in the Graeco-Roman World, Proceedings of the Conference held at the Seminar fur Alte Ges-chichte (Heidelberg, 10-11 June 2000), Peachin M. [ed.], Portsmouth, 99-108.
Nicols J. (2011), The Practice of Hospitium on The Roman Frontier, Frontiers in the Roman World, Kaizer T.; Hekster O. [eds.], Leiden, 321-334.
Ñaco T., Principal J., Dobson M. (2022) [eds.], Rome and the north-western Mediterranean: In-tegration and connectivity c. 150–70 BC, Oxford.
Oliver G.J. (2011), Mobility, Society and Economy in the Hellenistic Period, in The Economies of Hellenistic Societies, Third to First Centuries BC, Archibald C., Davies J.K., Gabrielsen V. [eds.], 345-367.
Palmer R. E. (1997), Rome and Carthage at Peace, Stuttgart.
Picard G., Picard G.Ch. (1982), La vie quotidienne à Carthage au temps d’Hannibal (IIIè siècle av. J.C.), Paris.
Pina Polo F. (2011) The Consul at Rome. The Civil Functions of the Consuls in the Roman Re-public, Cambridge.
Pisanu, G. (2010), Sulla cronologia di Olbia punica, L’Africa Romana. I luoghi e le forme dei mes-tieri e della produzione nelle province africane . Atti del XVIII convegno di studio, Olbia, 11-14 dicembre 2008, Milanese M., Ruggeri P., Vismara C. [eds.], Roma, 1735-1742.
Prag J.R.W. (2010), Tyrannizing Sicily. The despots who cried ‘Carthage!”, Public and Private Lies. The Discourse of Despotism and Deceit in Antiquity, Vervaet F., Turner A., Chong-Gossard K.O. [eds.], Leiden, 51-71.
Prag J., Quinn J. (2013) [eds.], The Hellenistic West: Rethinking the Ancient Mediterranean, Cambridge.
Rasmussen T.B. (1979), Bucchero Pottery from Southern Etruria, Cambridge.
Rasmussen T.B. (2016), Bucchero, Caere, Thompson de Grummond N.; Pieraccini L. [eds.], Te-xas, 173-182.
Rosenstein N. (2006), Aristocratic Values, A Companion to the Roman Republic, Rosenstein N.; Morstein-Marx R. [eds.], Oxford, 365-382.
Rosselló Calafell G. (2023), Relaciones exteriores y praxis diplomática cartaginesa. El período de las guerras púnicas, Zaragoza-Sevilla.
Ruiz Cabrero L. (2008), Dedicantes en los tofet: la sociedad fenicia en el Mediterráneo, Gerión, 26, 89-148.
Salinas de Frías M. (1983), La función del hospitium y la clientela en la conquista y romaniza-ción de Celtiberia, Studia Histórica Historia Antigua, 1, 21-42.
Sánchez P. (2024), Foedus ictum: les rites de sanction des traités romains sous la République et les Julio-Claudiens, Basel.
Sánchez Moreno E.; García Riaza E. (2024) [Eds.], The Materiality of Diplomacy in the Hellenis-tic-Roman Mediterranean: Gifts, Bribes, Offerings, Edinburgh.
Saumagne C. (1966), La Numidia et Rome. Massinissa et Jugurtha, Paris.
Scardigli B. (2011), Early Relations between Rome and Carthage, A Companion to The Punic Wars, Hoyos D. [ed.], Oxford, 28-38.
Syme R. (1939), The Roman Revolution, Oxford.
Terrenato N. (2019), The Early Roman Expansion into Italy. Elite Negotiation and Family Agen-das, Cambridge.
Torregaray E. (2006), Los espacios de la diplomacia republicana, Caesarodunum, XL, 223-258.
Van Dommelen P., Knapp B. (2010) [eds.], Material Connections in the Ancient Mediterranean: Mobility, Materiality and Identity, London-New York.
Walsh P.G. (1961), Livy. His Historical Aims and Methods, Cambridge.
Westall R. (2015), Moving through Town: Foreign Dignataries in Rome in the Middle and Late Republic, The Moving City. Processions, Passages and Promenades in Ancient Rome, Östen-berg I., Malmberg S., Bjørnebye J. [eds.], London, 23-36.
Zimmermann K. (2011), Roman Strategy and Aims in the Second Punic War, A Companion to The Punic Wars, Hoyos D. [ed.], Oxford, 280-298.
Pubblicato
2024-05-04
Fascicolo
Sezione
Saggi e studi
Copyright (c) 2024 Gabriel Rossellò Calafell
Questo lavoro è fornito con la licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non opere derivate 4.0 Internazionale.
Gli autori che pubblicano su questa rivista accettano le seguenti condizioni:
Gli autori mantengono i diritti sulla loro opera e cedono alla rivista il diritto di prima pubblicazione dell'opera, contemporaneamente licenziata sotto una Licenza Creative Commons - Attribuzione - Non opere derivate 4.0 Internazionale che permette ad altri di condividere l'opera indicando la paternità intellettuale e la prima pubblicazione su questa rivista.
Gli autori possono aderire ad altri accordi di licenza non esclusiva per la distribuzione della versione dell'opera pubblicata (es. depositarla in un archivio istituzionale o pubblicarla in una monografia), a patto di indicare che la prima pubblicazione è avvenuta su questa rivista.
Gli autori possono diffondere la loro opera online (es. in repository istituzionali o nel loro sito web) prima e durante il processo di submission, poiché può portare a scambi produttivi e aumentare le citazioni dell'opera pubblicata (Vedi The Effect of Open Access).
