Traduzione in arabo del romanzo Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone. Strategie traduttive e riferimenti culturali specifici
Keywords:
Arabic childrenʼs literature, fantasy literature, translation studies, Harry Potter and the Philosopherʼs Stone
Abstract
The international fame of some fantasy novels such as the Harry Potter saga by Joanne Kathleen Rowling, which can be cataloged within the fantasy literature for children and teenagers, has produced great interest among young readers in the Arab world, so much so that a translation was needed.
This work focuses on the study of the Arabic translation of the first book of the saga, titled Harry Potter and the Philosopherʼs Stone, translated for the first time into Arabic by the Egyptian Saḥar Ǧabr Maḥmūd and published by the Egyptian publishing house Nahḍat Miṣr in 2002.
The research focuses on the analysis of specific cultural references that usually pose translation problems due to the mismatch in the target culture. Within a theoretical framework of Translation Studies, the study examinesthe translation procedures used to render the following categories: proper names, toponyms, magical and fantastic creatures and elements, puns, songs and spells.
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References
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Aixela, Jafier Franco (1996), ‘Culture-Specific Items in Translation’, in Alvarez, Roman; Vidal, M. Carmen-Africa (eds.), Translation, Power, Subversion, Clevedon, Buffalo, Toronto, Multilingual Matters Ltd., 52-78.
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Azeriah, Ali (2002), ‘Should Political Correctness Be a Consideration in the Translation Process: A Case Study of Literary Translation from Arabic into Englishʼ, Turjuman 11 (1), 11-27.
Aziz, Yowell Y. (2003), ‘Transliteration of English Proper Nouns into Arabicʼ, Meta 28 (1), 70-84.
Barbaro, Ada (2013), La Fantascienza nella Letteratura Araba, Roma, Carocci.
Bizri, Hala (2015), ‘The Children’s Literature of the Arab Countries: The Question of Language’, Bookbird: A Journal of International Children’s Literature 53 (2), 74- 79.
Brondsted, Katrine; Dollerup, Cay (2004), ‘The Names in Harry Potterʼ, Perspectives: Studies in Translatology 12 (1), 56-72.
Camera d’Afflitto, Isabella (2007), Letteratura araba contemporanea, Roma, Carocci Editore.
Coillie, Jan Van (2006), ‘Character Names in Translation: a Functional Approach’, in Coillie, Jan Van; Verschueren, Walter P. (eds.), Children’s Literature in Translation: Challenges and strategies, Manchester and Kinderhook, St. Jerome Publishing, 123-140.
Davies, Eirlys E. (2003), ‘A Goblin or a Dirty Nose? The Treatment of Culture-Specific References in Translations of the Harry Potter Booksʼ, The Translator 9 (1), 65-100.
De Blasio, Emanuela (2019), ‘A Preliminary Study about the Fantasy Genre in Contemporary Arabic Literatureʼ, in Polanski, Tomasz (ed.), Folia Orientalia, vol. 56, Cracovia, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow Branch, 29-39.
Delabastita, Dirk (1993), There’s a Double Tongue: An Investigation into the Translation of Shakespeare’s Wordplay, with Special Reference to Hamlet, Amsterdam, Rodopi.
Dickins, James; Hervey, Sándor; Higgins, Ian (2002), Thinking Arabic translation: A Course in Translation Method Arabic to English, London NewYork, Routledge.
Dorigo Ceccato, Rosella (1993), ‘Literature for Children in Syriaʼ, in De Jong, Frederick (ed.), Miscellanea arabica et islamica, Leuven, Peeters, 186-197.
Dukmak, Wafa (2012), The Treatment of Cultural Items in the Translation of Children Literature. The case of Harry Potter in Arabic (Tesi di dottorato), Leeds, University of Leeds.
Dünges, Petra (2011), ‘Arabic Children's Literature Today: Determining Factors and Tendencies’, PMLA 126 (1), 170-181, (accessed 22/06/2021).
El Kholy, Nadia (2006), ‘Arab Worldʼ, in Zipes, Jack (ed.), The Oxford encyclopedia of Children’s Literature, 4 volumi, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1, 74-78.
Even-Zohar, Itamar (1990), ‘The Position of Translated Literature within the Literary Polysystemʼ, in Polysystem Studies 11 (1), Durham (NC), Duke University Press, 45-51.
Fadiman, Clifton (1984), The World Treasury of Children’s Literature, Londra, Little Brown & Co.
Fawcett, Peter; Munday, Jeremy (20092), ‘Ideology’, in Baker, M. and Saldana, G. (eds.), Routledge encyclopedia of translation studies, Londra-New York, Routledge, 137- 141.
Feral, Anne L. (2006), ‘The Translator’s ‘Magic’ Wand: Harry Potter’s Journey from English to Frenchʼ, Meta 51 (3), 459-481.
Gabrieli, Francesco (1949) (a cura di), Le mille e una notte, Torino, Giulio Einaudi Editore.
Goody, Jack (1987), The Interface between the Written and the Oral, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Hermans, Theo (1988), ‘On Translating Proper Names, with Reference to De Witte and Max Havelaar’, in Wintle, Michael; Vincent, Paul (eds.), Modern Dutch Studies, Londra, Athlone, 11-24.
Holmes, James S. (1988), Translated! Papers on literary translation and translation studies, Amsterdam, Rodopi.
Hunt, Peter (1994), An Introduction to Children’s Literature, Oxford-New York, Oxford University Press.
Ibn al-Muqaffaʽ (a cura di Borruso, Andrea; Cassarino Mirella 1991), Il libro di Kalila e Dimna, Roma, Salerno Editrice.
Jakobson, Roman (1959), ‘Aspetti linguistici della traduzione’, in In Traslation, Harvard, Harvard University Press, 232-239.
Jentsch, Nancy K. (2002), ‘Harry Potter and the Tower of Babel. Translating the Magic’, in Whited, Lana A. (ed.), The Ivory Tower and Harry Potter: Perspectives on a Literary Phenomenon, Columbia, University of Missouri Press, 285-301.
Klingberg, Gote (1986), Childrenʼs Fiction in the Hands of the Translators, Lund, Bloms Boktryckeri Ab.
Lathey, Gillian (2006), The Translation of Children’s Literature, Clevedon, Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Lefevere, André (1992), Translation, Rewriting and the Manipulation of Literary Frame, Londra, Routledge.
Martin, George R. R. (1996), A Song of Ice and Fire, New York, Bantam Books.
McDonough, Julie (2004), Muggles, and Quidditch, and Squibs, oh My! A Study of Names and Onomastic Wordplay in Translation, with a Focus on the Harry Potter Series, Unpublished M.A. thesis, University of Ottawa.
Mdallel, Sabeur (2003), ’Translating Children’s Literature in the Arab World: The State of the Art’, Meta 48, 298-306.
Minier, Márta (2004), ‘Beyond Foreignisation and Domestication: Harry Potter in Hungarian Translation’, The AnaChronisT, 153-174.
Mussche, Erika, Klaas Willems (2010), ‘Fred or Farid, Bacon or Baydun (‘egg’)? Proper Names and Cultural-Specific Items in the Arabic Translation of Harry Potter’, Meta 55 (3), 474-498.
Newmark, Peter (1981), Approaches to Translation, Oxford, Pergamon Press.
Newmark, Peter (1988), A Textbook of Translation, New Jersey, Prentice Hall.
Nida, Eugene (1964), ‘Linguistics and Ethnology in Translation Problems’, in Language in Culture and Society, New York, Harper & Row.
O’Sullivan, Emer (2000), Kinderliterarische Komparatistik, Heidelberg, Carl Winter Universitatsverlag.
Paolini, Christopher (2003), Eragon, New York, Knopf Random House.
Paolini, Christopher (2007), ʼĪrāǧūn, Arabia Saudita, Maktabat Ǧarīr.
Paolini, Christopher (2012), Eragon, Milano, Rizzoli.
Pym, Anthony (1992), Translation and Text Transfer. An Essay on the Principles of Intercultural Communication, Francoforte, Peter Lang.
Reid, Robin A. (2009), Women in Science Fiction and Fantasy, Londra, Greenwood Press.
Riordan, Rick (2005), The Lightning Thief, New York, Miramax Books.
Rowling, Joanne K. (1997), Harry Potter and the Philosopherʼs Stone, Londra, Bloomsbury.
Rowling, Joanne K. (1998), Harry Potter e la pietra filosofale, Firenze, Salani Editore.
Rowling, Joanne K. (trad. a cura di Saḥar Ǧabr Maḥmūd 2008), Hārrī Būttir wa ḥaǧar al-faylasūf, Il Cairo, Nahḍat Miṣr.
Schleiermacher, Friedrich (1838), ῾Über die verschiedenen Methoden des Übersetzensʼ, in Schleiermacher Friedrich, Sämtliche Werke, Berlino, G. Reimar, 207-245.
Shavit, Zohar (1986), ‘Translation of Children’s Literatureʼ, in Lathey Gillian (ed.), The Translation of Childrenʼs Literature, Clevedon, Buffalo, Toronto, Multilingual Matters Ltd., 25-40.
Stableford, Brian (2005), Historical Dictionary of Fantasy Literature, Lanham (Md), Scarecrow Press, Inc.
Steiner, George (1975), After Babel: Aspects of Language and Traslation, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Sulaibi, Dia Abdullah (2014), ‘Harry Botter. Translating Names from English into Arabic in Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone’, Translation Studies 21-22, 75-86.
Taha, Hanada; Kreidieh, Shereen; Baroudi, Sandra (2020), ‘Arabic children’s literature: Glitzy production, disciplinary contentʼ, Educational Research 30 (1), 323-344.
Todorov, Tzvetan (1970), Introduction à la littérature fantastique, Paris, Édition du Seuil. Tolkien, John R. R. (1937), The Hobbit, Londra, George Allen & Unwin.
Tolkien, John R. R. (1947), ‘On Fairy Stories’, Essays Presented to Charles Williams, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Tolkien, John R. R. (1954), The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, Londra, HarperCollins.
Tolkien, John R. R. (1982), The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers, Londra, HarperCollins.
Tolkien, John R. R. (1983), The Lord of The Rings: The Return of the King, Londra, HarperCollins.
Tolkien, John R. R. (trad. a cura di Fahmī, Hišām; Ġanīm, Mayy 2008), Al-Hūbbīt, Il Cairo, Dār Laylā.
Toury, Gideon (1980), In Search of a Theory of Translation, Tel Aviv, The Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics.
Toury, Gideon (1995), Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond, Amsterdam Philadelphia, John Benjamins.
Valero Garcés, M. Carmen (2003), ‘Translating the Imaginary World in the Harry Potter Series or how Muggles, Quaffles, Snitches, and Nickles Travel to other Cultures’, Quaderns: Revista de traducció 9, 121-134.
Venuti, Lawrence (1995), The Translator’s Invisibility. A History of Translation, Londra, Routledge.
Aixela, Jafier Franco (1996), ‘Culture-Specific Items in Translation’, in Alvarez, Roman; Vidal, M. Carmen-Africa (eds.), Translation, Power, Subversion, Clevedon, Buffalo, Toronto, Multilingual Matters Ltd., 52-78.
Al-Daragi, Alaa Abdul Hussain (2016), ‘Tensions between Didacticism, Entertainment and Translatorial Practices: Deletion and Omission in the Arabic Translations of Harry Potter’ (Tesi di dottorato), City, University of London.
Azeriah, Ali (2002), ‘Should Political Correctness Be a Consideration in the Translation Process: A Case Study of Literary Translation from Arabic into Englishʼ, Turjuman 11 (1), 11-27.
Aziz, Yowell Y. (2003), ‘Transliteration of English Proper Nouns into Arabicʼ, Meta 28 (1), 70-84.
Barbaro, Ada (2013), La Fantascienza nella Letteratura Araba, Roma, Carocci.
Bizri, Hala (2015), ‘The Children’s Literature of the Arab Countries: The Question of Language’, Bookbird: A Journal of International Children’s Literature 53 (2), 74- 79.
Brondsted, Katrine; Dollerup, Cay (2004), ‘The Names in Harry Potterʼ, Perspectives: Studies in Translatology 12 (1), 56-72.
Camera d’Afflitto, Isabella (2007), Letteratura araba contemporanea, Roma, Carocci Editore.
Coillie, Jan Van (2006), ‘Character Names in Translation: a Functional Approach’, in Coillie, Jan Van; Verschueren, Walter P. (eds.), Children’s Literature in Translation: Challenges and strategies, Manchester and Kinderhook, St. Jerome Publishing, 123-140.
Davies, Eirlys E. (2003), ‘A Goblin or a Dirty Nose? The Treatment of Culture-Specific References in Translations of the Harry Potter Booksʼ, The Translator 9 (1), 65-100.
De Blasio, Emanuela (2019), ‘A Preliminary Study about the Fantasy Genre in Contemporary Arabic Literatureʼ, in Polanski, Tomasz (ed.), Folia Orientalia, vol. 56, Cracovia, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow Branch, 29-39.
Delabastita, Dirk (1993), There’s a Double Tongue: An Investigation into the Translation of Shakespeare’s Wordplay, with Special Reference to Hamlet, Amsterdam, Rodopi.
Dickins, James; Hervey, Sándor; Higgins, Ian (2002), Thinking Arabic translation: A Course in Translation Method Arabic to English, London NewYork, Routledge.
Dorigo Ceccato, Rosella (1993), ‘Literature for Children in Syriaʼ, in De Jong, Frederick (ed.), Miscellanea arabica et islamica, Leuven, Peeters, 186-197.
Dukmak, Wafa (2012), The Treatment of Cultural Items in the Translation of Children Literature. The case of Harry Potter in Arabic (Tesi di dottorato), Leeds, University of Leeds.
Dünges, Petra (2011), ‘Arabic Children's Literature Today: Determining Factors and Tendencies’, PMLA 126 (1), 170-181,
El Kholy, Nadia (2006), ‘Arab Worldʼ, in Zipes, Jack (ed.), The Oxford encyclopedia of Children’s Literature, 4 volumi, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1, 74-78.
Even-Zohar, Itamar (1990), ‘The Position of Translated Literature within the Literary Polysystemʼ, in Polysystem Studies 11 (1), Durham (NC), Duke University Press, 45-51.
Fadiman, Clifton (1984), The World Treasury of Children’s Literature, Londra, Little Brown & Co.
Fawcett, Peter; Munday, Jeremy (20092), ‘Ideology’, in Baker, M. and Saldana, G. (eds.), Routledge encyclopedia of translation studies, Londra-New York, Routledge, 137- 141.
Feral, Anne L. (2006), ‘The Translator’s ‘Magic’ Wand: Harry Potter’s Journey from English to Frenchʼ, Meta 51 (3), 459-481.
Gabrieli, Francesco (1949) (a cura di), Le mille e una notte, Torino, Giulio Einaudi Editore.
Goody, Jack (1987), The Interface between the Written and the Oral, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Hermans, Theo (1988), ‘On Translating Proper Names, with Reference to De Witte and Max Havelaar’, in Wintle, Michael; Vincent, Paul (eds.), Modern Dutch Studies, Londra, Athlone, 11-24.
Holmes, James S. (1988), Translated! Papers on literary translation and translation studies, Amsterdam, Rodopi.
Hunt, Peter (1994), An Introduction to Children’s Literature, Oxford-New York, Oxford University Press.
Ibn al-Muqaffaʽ (a cura di Borruso, Andrea; Cassarino Mirella 1991), Il libro di Kalila e Dimna, Roma, Salerno Editrice.
Jakobson, Roman (1959), ‘Aspetti linguistici della traduzione’, in In Traslation, Harvard, Harvard University Press, 232-239.
Jentsch, Nancy K. (2002), ‘Harry Potter and the Tower of Babel. Translating the Magic’, in Whited, Lana A. (ed.), The Ivory Tower and Harry Potter: Perspectives on a Literary Phenomenon, Columbia, University of Missouri Press, 285-301.
Klingberg, Gote (1986), Childrenʼs Fiction in the Hands of the Translators, Lund, Bloms Boktryckeri Ab.
Lathey, Gillian (2006), The Translation of Children’s Literature, Clevedon, Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Lefevere, André (1992), Translation, Rewriting and the Manipulation of Literary Frame, Londra, Routledge.
Martin, George R. R. (1996), A Song of Ice and Fire, New York, Bantam Books.
McDonough, Julie (2004), Muggles, and Quidditch, and Squibs, oh My! A Study of Names and Onomastic Wordplay in Translation, with a Focus on the Harry Potter Series, Unpublished M.A. thesis, University of Ottawa.
Mdallel, Sabeur (2003), ’Translating Children’s Literature in the Arab World: The State of the Art’, Meta 48, 298-306.
Minier, Márta (2004), ‘Beyond Foreignisation and Domestication: Harry Potter in Hungarian Translation’, The AnaChronisT, 153-174.
Mussche, Erika, Klaas Willems (2010), ‘Fred or Farid, Bacon or Baydun (‘egg’)? Proper Names and Cultural-Specific Items in the Arabic Translation of Harry Potter’, Meta 55 (3), 474-498.
Newmark, Peter (1981), Approaches to Translation, Oxford, Pergamon Press.
Newmark, Peter (1988), A Textbook of Translation, New Jersey, Prentice Hall.
Nida, Eugene (1964), ‘Linguistics and Ethnology in Translation Problems’, in Language in Culture and Society, New York, Harper & Row.
O’Sullivan, Emer (2000), Kinderliterarische Komparatistik, Heidelberg, Carl Winter Universitatsverlag.
Paolini, Christopher (2003), Eragon, New York, Knopf Random House.
Paolini, Christopher (2007), ʼĪrāǧūn, Arabia Saudita, Maktabat Ǧarīr.
Paolini, Christopher (2012), Eragon, Milano, Rizzoli.
Pym, Anthony (1992), Translation and Text Transfer. An Essay on the Principles of Intercultural Communication, Francoforte, Peter Lang.
Reid, Robin A. (2009), Women in Science Fiction and Fantasy, Londra, Greenwood Press.
Riordan, Rick (2005), The Lightning Thief, New York, Miramax Books.
Rowling, Joanne K. (1997), Harry Potter and the Philosopherʼs Stone, Londra, Bloomsbury.
Rowling, Joanne K. (1998), Harry Potter e la pietra filosofale, Firenze, Salani Editore.
Rowling, Joanne K. (trad. a cura di Saḥar Ǧabr Maḥmūd 2008), Hārrī Būttir wa ḥaǧar al-faylasūf, Il Cairo, Nahḍat Miṣr.
Schleiermacher, Friedrich (1838), ῾Über die verschiedenen Methoden des Übersetzensʼ, in Schleiermacher Friedrich, Sämtliche Werke, Berlino, G. Reimar, 207-245.
Shavit, Zohar (1986), ‘Translation of Children’s Literatureʼ, in Lathey Gillian (ed.), The Translation of Childrenʼs Literature, Clevedon, Buffalo, Toronto, Multilingual Matters Ltd., 25-40.
Stableford, Brian (2005), Historical Dictionary of Fantasy Literature, Lanham (Md), Scarecrow Press, Inc.
Steiner, George (1975), After Babel: Aspects of Language and Traslation, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Sulaibi, Dia Abdullah (2014), ‘Harry Botter. Translating Names from English into Arabic in Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone’, Translation Studies 21-22, 75-86.
Taha, Hanada; Kreidieh, Shereen; Baroudi, Sandra (2020), ‘Arabic children’s literature: Glitzy production, disciplinary contentʼ, Educational Research 30 (1), 323-344.
Todorov, Tzvetan (1970), Introduction à la littérature fantastique, Paris, Édition du Seuil. Tolkien, John R. R. (1937), The Hobbit, Londra, George Allen & Unwin.
Tolkien, John R. R. (1947), ‘On Fairy Stories’, Essays Presented to Charles Williams, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Tolkien, John R. R. (1954), The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, Londra, HarperCollins.
Tolkien, John R. R. (1982), The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers, Londra, HarperCollins.
Tolkien, John R. R. (1983), The Lord of The Rings: The Return of the King, Londra, HarperCollins.
Tolkien, John R. R. (trad. a cura di Fahmī, Hišām; Ġanīm, Mayy 2008), Al-Hūbbīt, Il Cairo, Dār Laylā.
Toury, Gideon (1980), In Search of a Theory of Translation, Tel Aviv, The Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics.
Toury, Gideon (1995), Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond, Amsterdam Philadelphia, John Benjamins.
Valero Garcés, M. Carmen (2003), ‘Translating the Imaginary World in the Harry Potter Series or how Muggles, Quaffles, Snitches, and Nickles Travel to other Cultures’, Quaderns: Revista de traducció 9, 121-134.
Venuti, Lawrence (1995), The Translator’s Invisibility. A History of Translation, Londra, Routledge.
Published
2021-12-31
How to Cite
De Blasio, E. (2021). Traduzione in arabo del romanzo Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone. Strategie traduttive e riferimenti culturali specifici. Rhesis. International Journal of Linguistics, Philology and Literature, 12(2), 5-26. https://doi.org/10.13125/rhesis/5698
Section
Articoli
