Michel Houellebecq’s La possibilité d’une île: autobiography as human final stand.

Keywords: Contemporary French literature, Possible Worlds Theory, Narratology, Autobiography, Science fiction

Abstract

The article wants to investigate the narrative device at the heart of Michel Houellebecq’s novel La possibilité d’une île (2005). Its structure is based on the alternation of two different worlds, one human and the other non-human, populated by clones. For the reader, this implicates a double effort to adapt to both settings; for the text, this implicates the possibility of exploiting the bifurcation to establish mutual, meaningful links. With the help of the Possible Worlds Theory, we emphasize that this mechanism enables the author to highlight the crucial role of autobiographical writing, which is the only instrument of communication between the two worlds, and the last indispensable feature even in a literally post-human future.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Giovanni Salvagnini Zanazzo, University of Padua

Giovanni Salvagnini Zanazzo studies Modern Philology — Italian and French Studies in Binational course at the Università degli Studi di Padova and the Université Grenoble Alpes. He has published articles in academic journals on japonisme, Italian writers (Landolfi, Manganelli) and questions of contemporary literary theory. His interests involve the problem of individual identity, of its redefinition in contact with the Other. 

Email: giovanni.salvagninizanazzo@studenti.unipd.it

References

Baczko, Bronislaw, Lumières de l’utopie, Paris, Payot, 1978.

Baldi, Valentino, “Boundaries of the Human in the Contemporary Post-Apocalyptic Novel: McCarthy and Houellebecq”, Between, 2015, 5, 10: 1-11.

Bell, Alice - Ryan, Marie-Laure, “Introduction: Possible Worlds Theory Revisited”, Possible Worlds Theory and Contemporary Narratology, Eds. Bell, Alice - Ryan, Marie-Laure, Lincoln-London, University of Nebraska Press, 2019: 1-46.

Betty, Louis, “Michel Houellebecq and the Promise of Utopia. A Tale of Progressive Disenchantment”, French Forum, 40, 2-3, 2015: 97-109.

Brugnolo, Stefano, “Introduzione”, La scrittura e il mondo. Teorie letterarie del Novecento, Eds. Brugnolo, Stefano - Colussi, Davide - Zatti, Sergio - Zinato, Emanuele, Roma, Carocci: 13-78.

Brugnolo, Stefano, “Tra desiderio e represso. I casi di Girard e Orlando”, La scrittura e il mondo. Teorie letterarie del Novecento, Eds. Brugnolo, Stefano - Colussi, Davide - Zatti, Sergio - Zinato, Emanuele, Roma, Carocci: 229-258.

Calabrese, Stefano, www.letteratura.global. Il romanzo dopo il postmoderno, Torino, Einaudi, 2005.

Calvino, Italo, Lezioni americane. Sei proposte per il prossimo millennio, Milano, Mondadori, 2016.

Casadei, Alberto, Biologia della letteratura. Corpo, stile, storia, Milano, Il Saggiatore, 2018.

Certeau, Michel de, La Fable mystique. XVIᵉ-XVIIᵉ siècle, Paris, Gallimard, 1982.

Certeau, Michel de, L’écriture de l’histoire, Paris, Gallimard, 2002.

Ceserani, Remo, Il fantastico, Bologna, Il Mulino, 1996.

Doležel, Lubomír, “Intensional Function, Invisible Worlds, and Franz Kafka”, Style, 17, 2, 1983: 120-141.

Doležel, Lubomír, “Mimesis and Possible Worlds“, Poetics Today, 9, 3, 1988: 475-496.

Doležel, Lubomír, “Fictional Worlds: Density, Gaps, and Inference“, Style, 29, 2, 1995: 201-214.

Domenichelli, Mario, “La fine della speranza“, Per una definizione dell’utopia. Metodologie e discipline a confronto, Ed. Nadia Minerva, Ravenna, Longo, 1992: 147-157.

Donnarumma, Raffaele, Ipermodernità. Dove va la narrativa contemporanea, Bologna, Il Mulino, 2014.

Fořt, Bohumil, “How Many (Different) Kinds of Fictional Worlds Are There?”, Style, 40, 3, 2006: 272-283.

Genette, Gérard, Figures III. Discours du récit, Paris, Seuil, 1972.

Hayot, Eric, On Literary Worlds, New York, Oxford University Press, 2012.

Houellebecq, Michel, La possibilité d’une île, Paris, Fayard, 2005.

Kermode, Frank, The Sense of an Ending. Studies in the Theory of Fiction, New York Oxford University Press, 1967.

King, Adele, “La Possibilité d’une île”, World Literature Today, 80, 5, 2006: 63.

Lahanque, Reynald, “Houellebecq ou la platitude comme style”, Cités, 45, 2011: 180-185.

Lavocat, Françoise, “Introduction au séminaire”, Fabula, 2006, https://www.fabula.org/ressources/atelier/?La_typologie_des_mondes_possibles_de_la_fiction%2E_Panorama_critique_et_propositions, web (last accessed 02/05/2023).

Lejeune, Philippe, L’autobiographie en France, Paris, Colin, 2010.

Magrelli, Valerio, Vedersi vedersi. Modelli e circuiti visivi nell’opera di Paul Valéry, Torino, Einaudi, 2002.

Maitre, Doreen, Literature and Possible Worlds, London, Middlesex Polytechnic Press, 1983.

Mazzoni, Guido, Teoria del romanzo, Bologna, Il Mulino, 2011.

Micali, Simona, Creature. La costruzione dell’immaginario postumano tra mutanti, alieni, esseri artificiali, Milano, Shake, 2022.

Moraru, Christian, “The Genomic Imperative: Michel Houellebecq’s The Possibility of an Island”, Utopian Studies, 19, 2, 2008: 265-283.

Mortara Garavelli, Bice, Manuale di retorica, Milano, Bompiani, 2005.

Morrey, Douglas, “Sex and the Single Male: Houellebecq, Feminism, and Hegemonic Masculinity”, Yale French Studies, 116-117, 2009: 141-152.

Morrey, Douglas, Michel Houellebecq. Humainty and its Aftermath, Liverpool, Liverpool University Press, 2013.

Moylan, Tom, Demand the Impossible. Science Fiction and the Utopian Imagination, New York-London, Methuen, 1986.

Ousselin, Edward, “La Possibilité d’une île”, The French Review, 80, 2, 2006: 490-491.

Palmer, Christopher, Philip K. Dick. Exhilaration and Terror of the Postmodern, Liverpool, Liverpool University Press, 2003.

Pavel, Thomas G., Fictional Worlds, Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1986.

Pennacchio, Filippo, Il romanzo global. Uno studio narratologico, Milano, Biblion, 2018.

Prince, Gerald, Narratology. The Form and Functioning of Narrative, Berlin, Mouton, 1982.

Proust, Marcel, “Albertine disparue”, Id., À la recherche du temps perdu, Paris, Quarto Gallimard, 1999: 1607-1915.

Raghunath, Riyukta, Possible Worlds Theory and Counterfactual Historical Fiction, London, Palgrave Macmillan, 2020.

Ronen, Ruth, Possible Worlds in Literary Theory, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1994. Ronen, Ruth, “Possible Worlds Beyond the Truth Principle”, Fabula, 2006, https://www.fabula.org/ressources/atelier/?Possible_worlds_beyond_the_truth_principle, web (last accessed 02/05/2023).

Ryan, Marie-Laure, Possible Worlds, Artificial Intelligence, and Narrative Theory, Bloomington-Indianapolis, Indiana University Press, 1991.

Ryan, Marie-Laure, “Possible Worlds in Recent Literary Theory“, Style, 26, 4, 1992: 528-553.

Ryan, Marie-Laure, “Heterocosmica: Fiction and Possible Worlds”, Style, 32, 3, 1998: 518-524.

Schönfellner, Sabine, “Posthuman Nostalgia? Re-Evaluating Human Emotions in Michel Houellebecq’s La possibilité d’une île”, Writing Emotions: Theoretical Concepts and Selected Case Studies in Literature, Eds. Jandl, Ingeborg – Knaller, Susanne – Schönfellner, Sabine – Tockner, Gudrun, Bielefeld, Transcript Verlag, 2017: 265-274.

Sturli, Valentina, Estremi occidenti. Frontiere del contemporaneo in Walter Siti e Michel Houellebecq, Milano-Udine, Mimesis, 2020.

Suvin, Darko, “Locus, Horizon, and Orientation: The Concept of Possible Worlds as a Key to Utopian Studies”, Utopian Studies, 1, 2, 1990: 69-83.

Traill, Nancy H., “Fictional Worlds of the Fantastic”, Style, 25, 2, 1991: 196-210.

Tureček, Dalibor, “The Theory of Fictional Worlds, Aesthetic Function, and the Future of Literary History”, Style, 40, 3, 2006: 221-230.

Vallorani, Nicoletta, Dissolvenze. Corpi e culture nella contemporaneità, Milano, Il Saggiatore, 2009.

van Wesemael, Sabine, “Proust pêre spirituel de Michel Houellebecq ?”, Marcel Proust Aujourd’hui, 11, 2014: 143-165.

Viard, Bruno, Houellebecq au laser. La faute à Mai 68, Nice, Ovada, 2008.

Viard, Bruno, Les tiroirs de Michel Houellebecq, Paris, PUF, 2013.

Weinreich, Uriel, “Is a Structural Dialectology Possible?”, Linguistics Today, Eds. Martinet, André - Weinreich, Uriel, New York, Linguistic Circle, 1954: 268-280.

Wolfe, Cary, “Commentary: Apes Like Us”, Animal Acts. Performing Species Today, Eds. Chaudhuri, Una - Hughes, Holly, Ann Arbor, Michigan University Press: 156-162.

Zatti, Sergio, “Retoriche del desiderio narrativo”, Mimesis, 2015, http://www.mimesis.education/uncategorized/sergio-zatti-retoriche-del-desiderio-narrativo/, web (last accessed 02/05/2023).

Published
2024-05-30
How to Cite
Salvagnini Zanazzo, G. (2024). Michel Houellebecq’s La possibilité d’une île: autobiography as human final stand. Between, 14(27), 577-592. https://doi.org/10.13125/2039-6597/5772