Multi-word insertions in code-mixed utterances: Italian-German code mixing in South Tyrol
Keywords:
code mixing, bilingual speech, South Tyrol
Abstract
The present study proposes a corpus-based analysis of the distribution of insertional code mixing (cf. Muysken 2000) occurring in a corpus of bilingual speech collected in South Tyrol. The analysis uses two surface parameters (directionality and extension), not restrained to a specific theoretical model, to classify the switches. The aim of this study is to observe recurring patterns and functions in the combined use of codes within the utterance, in particular by comparing the functions and distribution of single-word switches with those of multi-word insertions (e.g. phrases, word combinations and idioms). The discussion shows the emergence of two macro-functional patterns consistently attested in both types of switches.
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References
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Muysken, Pieter (2000), Bilingual Speech: A Typology of Code-mixing, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
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Poplack, Shana (1980), ‘Sometimes I’ll start a sentence in Spanish Y TERMINO EN ESPAÑOL: toward a typology of code-switching’, Linguistics 18, 581-618.
Poplack, Shana (1987), ‘Contrasting patterns of code-switching in two communities’, in Wande, Erling; Anward, Jan;Nordberg, Bengt; Steensland, Lars;Thelander, Mats(eds.), Proceedings from the Fourth Nordic Symposium on Bilingualism, Uppsala, Borgströms, 51-77.
Poplack, Shana (2018), Borrowing. Loanwords in the speech community and in the grammar, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Sloetjes, Han; Wittenburg, Peter (2008), ‘Annotation by category – ELAN and ISO DCR’, in Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2008).
Südtirol Info = “Outdoor swimming pool”, Südtirol Info, (accessed 07/08/2021).
ASTAT (2017), Statistisches Jahresbuch für Südtirol, Bolzano, Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano/Alto Adige.
Auer, Peter (1988), ‘A Conversation Analytic Approach to Code-Switching and Transfer’, in Heller, Monica (ed.), Codeswitching: anthropological and sociolinguistic perspectives, Berlin-New York, de Gruyter, 187-213.
Auer, Peter (1999), ‘From codeswitching via language mixing to fused lects: Toward a dynamic typology of bilingual speech’, International Journal of Bilingualism 3 (4), 309-332.
Berruto, Gaetano (2009), ‘Confini tra sistemi, fenomenologia del contatto linguistico e modelli del code switching’, in Iannàccaro, Gabriele; Matera, Vincenzo (eds.), La lingua come cultura, Novara, UTET, 3-34 and 212-216.
Berruto, Gaetano (2011), ‘Interazione e compenetrabilità di grammatiche nel contatto linguistico. Il caso dell’enunciazione mistilingue’, in Bombi, Raffaella; D’Agostino, Mari; Dal Negro, Silvia; Franceschini, Rita (eds.), Lingue e culture in contatto. In ricordo di Roberto Gusmani, Perugia, Guerra, 47-71.
Bybee, Joan (2010), Language, Usage and Cognition, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Ciccolone, Simone (2014), ‘Classificare il code mixing: una reinterpretazione dei parametri di constituency del modello di Muysken’, Linguistica e Filologia 34, 95-134.
Ciccolone, Simone (2015), ‘Interazione tra codici nel parlato bilingue: da fenomeni di contatto nel discorso all’emersione di schemi ricorrenti’, in Consani, Carlo (ed.), Contatto interlinguistico fra presente e passato, Milano, LED, 53-81.
Ciccolone, Simone; Dal Negro, Silvia (2016), ‘Marcare il contrasto nel parlato bilingue: ma e obår in un corpus sudtirolese’, in Bombi, Raffaella; Orioles, Vincenzo (eds.), Lingue in contatto/Contact linguistics, Roma, Bulzoni, 97-113.
Ciccolone, Simone; Dal Negro, Silvia (2021), Comunità bilingui e lingue in contatto. Uno studio sul parlato bilingue in Alto Adige, Cesena, Caissa.
Dal Negro, Silvia (2013), ‘Dealing with bilingual corpora: Parts of speech distribution and bilingual patterns’, Revue Française de Linguistique Appliquée 18 (2), 15-28.
Dal Negro, Silvia (2017), ‘Bilinguismo asimmetrico in Alto Adige: lo spazio sociolinguistico dell’italiano’, in Bombi, Raffaella (ed.), Nuovi spazi comunicativi per l’italiano nel mondo: l’esperienza di ‘Valori identitari e imprenditorialità’, Udine, Forum, 59-67.
Dal Negro, Silvia (2018),‘Finding patterns in bilingual speech’, Lingue e Linguaggio 17 (1), 71-85.
Dal Negro, Silvia; Ciccolone, Simone (2018a), ‘Il parlato bilingue: italiano e tedesco a contatto in un corpus sudtirolese’, in Bermejo Calleja, Felisa; Katelhön, Peggy (eds.), Lingua parlata. Un confronto fra l’italiano e alcune lingue europee, Bern, Lang, 385-407.
Dal Negro, Silvia; Ciccolone, Simone (2018b), ‘Incidenza ed estensione del codemixing come variabile sociolinguistica’, RID. Rivista italiana di dialettologia 42, 119-144.
Deuchar, Margaret; Webb-Davies, Peredur; Donnelly, Kevin (2018), Building and Using the Siarad Corpus. Bilingual conversations in Welsh and English, AmsterdamPhiladelphia, Benjamins.
Drew, Paul; Holt, Elizabeth (1998), ‘Figures of speech: Figurative expressions and the management of topic transition in conversation’, Language in Society 27, 495-522.
Fiorentini, Ilaria (2017), Segnali di contatto. Italiano e ladino nelle valli del Trentino-Alto Adige, Milano, FrancoAngeli.
Matras, Yaron (2009), Language Contact, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Matras, Yaron; Sakel, Jeanette (2007), ‘Investigating the mechanisms of pattern replication in language convergence’, Studies in Language 31 (4), 829-865.
Mioni, Alberto (1990), ‘Bilinguismo intra- e intercomunitario in Alto Adige/Südtirol: considerazioni sociolinguistiche’, in Lanthaler, Franz (ed.), Mehr als eine Sprache, Merano, Alpha & Beta, 13-35.
Muysken, Pieter (2000), Bilingual Speech: A Typology of Code-mixing, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Overstreet, Maryann (1999), Whales, Candlelight, and Stuff Like That: general extenders in English discourse, New York, Oxford University Press.
Poplack, Shana (1980), ‘Sometimes I’ll start a sentence in Spanish Y TERMINO EN ESPAÑOL: toward a typology of code-switching’, Linguistics 18, 581-618.
Poplack, Shana (1987), ‘Contrasting patterns of code-switching in two communities’, in Wande, Erling; Anward, Jan;Nordberg, Bengt; Steensland, Lars;Thelander, Mats(eds.), Proceedings from the Fourth Nordic Symposium on Bilingualism, Uppsala, Borgströms, 51-77.
Poplack, Shana (2018), Borrowing. Loanwords in the speech community and in the grammar, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Sloetjes, Han; Wittenburg, Peter (2008), ‘Annotation by category – ELAN and ISO DCR’, in Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2008).
Südtirol Info = “Outdoor swimming pool”, Südtirol Info,
Published
2021-12-31
How to Cite
Ciccolone, S. (2021). Multi-word insertions in code-mixed utterances: Italian-German code mixing in South Tyrol. Rhesis. International Journal of Linguistics, Philology and Literature, 12(1), 5-16. https://doi.org/10.13125/rhesis/5654
Section
Articoli
