Perceptual Learning Style Preference Questionnaire: A review of a language learning styles survey
Keywords:
Perceptual Learning Style Preference Questionnaire, learning styles, foreign languages learning, validity and reliability of questionnaires
Abstract
This paper presents a critical review about the most widely used self-report for measuring learning styles in the field of language teaching: the Perceptual Learning Style Preference Questionnaire (PLSPQ), by Joy M. Reid (1987). The following issues have been addressed: 1) the description of the questionnaire, 2) its elaboration process, 3) its theoretical foundations, 4) its dissemination in the scientific community, 5) the translated versions, 6) the research fields in which it has been, used and 7) an analysis of its validity and reliability. The review is based on a corpus of 65 works that have used the PLSPQ. The main aim of this review is to provide data on the validity and reliability of the PLSPQ. In this regard, among the conclusions drawn from the review is the fact that the PLSPQ is presented as an instrument with no consistent levels of validity and reliability and therefore in need of profound improvement in this regard or, if not, its use is discouraged.
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References
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Asrining Tyas, Peptia; Safitri, Mega (2017), ‘Kinesthetic Learning Style Preferences: A Survey Gender’, Journal of English Educators Society 2 (1), 53-64.
Balachandran, Tharanky (2015), Why Teachers Teach the Way They Do: Factors Influencing the Perceptual Teaching Styles of Teacher Candidates in Math Education, Toronto, University of Toronto Doctoral thesis.
Baleghizadeh, Sasan; Shayeghi, Rose (2014), ‘The Relationship between Perceptual Learning Style Preferences and Multiple Intelligences among Iranian EFL Learners’, Innovations in Education and Teaching International 51 (3), 255-264.
Banisaeid, Maryam; Huang, Jianbin (2015), ‘Exploring Iranian EFL Learners’ Perceptual Learning Styles Preferences, Language Learning Strategy Uses and Self Regulated Learning Strategies’, International Journal on Studies in English Language and Literature 3 (3), 30-40.
Brahim, Yezza (2012), Impact of Strategies-Based Instruction on Students’ Verbal Communication, Biskta, Mohamed Kheider University of Biskra, MA thesis.
Cassidy, Simon (2004), ‘Learning Styles: An Overview of Theories, Models, and Measures’, Educational Psychology 24 (4), 419-444.
Chen, Mei-Ling (2009), ‘Influence of Grade Level on Perceptual Learning Style Preferences and Language Learning Strategies of Taiwanese English as a Foreign Language Learners’, Learning and Individual Differences 19, 304-308.
Chen, Tzu Hsiu (2006), Grade Level Differences in Perceptual Learning Style Preferences and Language Learning Strategies of Grade Seven to Grade Nine Students Learning English as a Foreign Language in Taiwan (China), Pocatello, Idaho State University, Doctoral thesis.
Chu, Shenghua (2013), Effects of Perceptual Learning Styles and Learning Strategies on College Students Spoken English Proficiency, Paper presented at the International Conference on the Modern Development of Humanities and Social Science, Hong Kong, 1-3 December.
Coffield, Frank; Moseley, David; Hall, Elaine; Ecclestone, Kathryn (2004), Learning Styles and Pedagogy in Post-16 Learning: A Systematic and Critical Review, London, Learning and Skills Research Centre.
Da Lio, Elisa (2016), Perceptual Learning Styles and Teaching Methods in Foreign Language Classrooms: A Case Study, Venice, Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia Final degree project.
Deakins, Eric (2009), ‘Helping Students Value Cultural Diversity through Research-Based Teaching’, Higher Education Research and Development 28 (2), 209-226.
DeCapua, Andrea; Wintergerst, Ann C. (2005), ‘Assessing and Validating a Learning Styles Instrument’, System 33 (1), 1-16.
Dekker, Sanne; Lee, Nikki C.; Howard-Jones, Paul; Jolles, Jelle (2012), ‘Neuromyths in Education: Prevalence and Predictors of Misconceptions among Teachers’, Frontiers in Psychology: Educational Psychology 429, 1-8.
Domínguez Pelegrín, Javier; López Quero, Salvador; Andión Herrero, M.ª Antonieta (2019), ‘Las creencias de los profesores de español como lengua extranjera sobre los estilos de aprendizaje’, Revista Española de Lingüística Aplicada 32 (2), 419-454.
Domino, George (1970), ‘Interactive Effects of Achievement Orientation and Teaching Style on Academic Achievement’, ACT Research Report 39, 1-9.
Dörnyei, Zoltán (2003), Questionnaires in Second Language Research: Construction, Administration, and Processing, Mahwah, Lawrence Erlbaum.
Dunn, Keneth; Dunn, Rita; Price, Gary (1975), Learning Style Inventory, Lawrence, Price Systems. Eliason, Patricia A. (1989), Perceptual Learning Style Preferences of Second Language Students: A Literature Survey and Research Report, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota MA thesis.
Farajolahi, Shiva; Nimravi, Ali Asghar (2014), ‘The Relationship between Student Learning Styles and their Language Learning Strategies’, Modern Journal of Language Teaching Methods 4 (1), 157-175.
Farr, Beatrice J. (1971), Individual Differences in Learning: Predicting One’s More Effective Learning Modality, Washington, Catholic University of America MA thesis.
Gardner, Riley W. (1953), ‘Cognitive Style in Categorizing Behaviour’, Perceptual and Motor Skills 22 214-233.
Geake, John (2008), ‘Neuromythologies in Education’, Educational Research 50 (2), 123-133.
Ghezlou, Maryam; Kordi, Leila; Nasrabady, Azadeh Nasri (2014), ‘Gender Differences in Reading Strategy Use, Reading Self-Efficacy, and Perceptual Learning Styles among EFL Learners, International Journal of Language Learning and Applied Linguistics World 5 (1), 609-624.
Gómez Villa, Sara (2013), La Flexibilización de Estilos de Aprendizaje: Intervención en el Aula de ELE, Málaga, ASELE.
Gorevanova, Anna (2000), The Relationship between Students’ Perceptual Learning Style Preferences, Language Learning Strategies and English Language Vocabulary Size, Ankara, Bilkent University, MA thesis.
Howard-Jones, Paul (2014), ‘Neuroscience and Education: Myths and Messages’, Nature Reviews Neuroscience 15 (12), 817-824.
Hyland, Ken (1994), ‘The Learning styles of Japanese Students’, JALT Journal 16, 55-74.
Isemonger, Ian; Sheppard, Chris (2003), ‘Learning Styles’, RELC Journal 34 (2), 195-222.
Isemonger, Ian; Sheppard, Chris (2007), ‘A Construct-Related Validity Study on a Korean Version of the Perceptual Learning Styles Preference Questionnaire’, Educational and Psychological Measurement 67 (2), 357-368.
Itzen, Richard (1995), The Dimensionality of Learning Structures in the Reid Perceptual Learning Style Preference Questionnaire, Chicago University of Illinois MA thesis.
Jowkar, Mehdi (2012), ‘The Relationship between Perceptual Learning Style Preferences and Listening Comprehension Strategies of Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners’, Academic Research International 2 (2), 739.
Karthigeyan, Kartpagam; Nirmala, K. (2013), ‘Learning Style Preference of English Language Learners’, Educationia Confab 2 (1), 134-140.
Kaur Dhillon, Paramjeet (2011), ‘Using Learning Styles to Enhance ESL Acquisition’, The English Teacher 40, 11-26.
Keefe, James W. (1979), ‘Learning styles: an overview’ in NASSP (eds.), NASSP’s student learning styles: diagnosing and prescribing programs, Reston, NASSP, 1-17.
Khmakhien, Attapol (2012), ‘Demystifying Thai EFL Learners’ Perceptual Learning Style Preferences’, 3L: The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies 18 (1), 61-74.
Kirschner, Paul A. (2017), ‘Stop Propagating the Learning Styles Myth’, Computer & Education 106, 166-171.
Liu, Shu-Chen; Tseng, Shu-Feng (1992), ‘A Study of Nontraditional Student’s Learning Style Preference and EFL Teaching in Taiwan’, Far East Journal 20 (2), 55-74.
Macedonia, Manuela (2015), ‘Learning Styles and Vocabulary Acquisition in Second Language: How the Brain Learns’, Frontiers in Psychology 6, 1800.
Merç, Ali (2015), Perceptual Learning Style Preferences of Gifted vs. Non-gifted Turkish EFL Learners. Paper presented at the 9th International Technology, Education and Development Conference, Madrid, 2-4 March.
Mohd Rawian, Rafizah (2002), Students’ English Proficiency, Perceptual Learning Style Preference and Second Language Tolerance of Ambiguity, Serdang, Universiti Putra Malaysia Doctoral thesis.
Mpholo, Leoisa; Suping Shana, Mompoloki (2014), ‘Cultural Values Influence on Learning Style Preferences: A case of Leribe Senior Secondary School, Lesotho’, African Journal of History and Culture 6 (7), 106-111.
Mubarok, Sulhusni; Regina, Regina; Ikhsanudin, Ikhsanudin (2016), ‘The Learning Styles and Strategies of a High Achiever Student’, Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Untan 5 (7), 1-18.
Mulalic, Almasa; Shah, Parilah M.; Ahmad, Fauziah (2009), ‘Perceptual Learning Styles of ESL Students’, European Journal of Social Sciences 7 (3), 101-113.
Muniandy, Jayanthi (2013), ‘Cognitive and Perceptual Learning Styles of Malaysian University ESL Learners: A Sociocultural Approach’, TESOL International Journal 8 (1), 27-45.
Naserieh, Farid (2009), The Relationship between Perceptual Learning Style Preferences and Skillbased Learning Strategies, Iran, Shahid Beheshti University MA thesis.
Naserieh, Farid; Anani Sarab, Mohammad Reza (2013), ‘Perceptual Learning Style Preferences among Iranian Graduate Students’, System 41 (1), 122-133.
Nematipour, Mojgan (2012), ‘A Study of Iranian EFL Learners’ Autonomy Level and its Relationship with Learning Style’, English Linguistics Research 1 (1), 126-136.
Nielsen, Tine (2012), ‘A Historical Review of the Styles Literature’, in Zhang, Li-Fang; Sternberg, Robert, J.; Rayner, Stephen (eds.), Handbook of Intellectual Styles. Preferences in Cognition, Learning, and Thinking, New York, Springer, 21-46.
Nuraeni Muhtar, Siti (2014), ‘A Study of Learning Style Preferences of all Female Students in University Level (A Case Study in one of Islamic University in Bandung)’, Journal of English Language Teaching in Indonesia 2 (1), 35-46.
Obralić, Nudžejma; Akbarov, Azamat (2012), ‘Students Preference on Perceptual Learning Style’, Acta Didactica Napocensia 5 (3), 31-42.
Oxford, Rebecca (1990), Language Learning Strategies: What Every Teacher Should Know, New York, Newbury House.
Peacock, Matthew (2001), ‘Match or Mismatch? Learning Styles and Teaching Styles in EFL’, International Journal of Applied Linguistics 11 (1), 1-20.
Peters, Derek M.; Jones, Gareth; Peters, John (2008), ‘Preferred ‘Learning Styles’ in Students Studying Sports-Related Programmes in Higher Education in the United Kingdom’, Studies in Higher Education 33 (2), 155-166.
Petrakis, John G. (2003), ‘Firefighter learning styles and training: beyond the slide presentation’, Fire Engineering 10 (156),
Pourghasemian, Hossein; Reza Zarei, Gholam; Jalali, Hassan (2014), ‘L2 Learners’ Lexical Inferencing: Perceptual Learning Style Preferences, Strategy Use, Density of Text, and Parts of Speech as Possible Predictors’, Issues in Language Teaching 3 (2), 287-315.
Reid, Joy M. (1987), ‘The Learning Style Preferences of ESL Students’, Tesol Quarterly 21 (1), 87-110.
Reid, Joy M. (1990), ‘The Dirty Laundry of ESL Survey Research’, Tesol Quarterly 24 (2), 323-338.
Reid, Joy M. (1995), Learning styles in the ESL/EFL classroom, Boston, Heinle & Heinle.
Renou, Janet (2008), ‘A study of perceptual learning styles and achievement in a university-level foreign language course’, Criso Lenguas 1 (2), 1-15.
Riessman, Frank (1964), ‘The strategy of style’, Teachers College Record 65, 484-489.
Rivera Lorenzo, Alexandre (2016), The Role of Learning Styles in SLA, Santiago de Compostela, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Final degree project.
Rossi-Le, Laura (1989), Perceptual Learning Style Preferences and their Relationship to Language Learning Strategies in Adult Students of English as a Second Language,Des Moines, Drake University Doctoral thesis.
Rossi-Le, Laura (1995), ‘Learning Styles and Strategies in Adult Immigrant ESL Students’, in Reid, Joy M. (ed.), Learning Styles in the ESL/EFL Classroom, New York, Heinle and Heinle Publishers, 118-125.
Russo, Ana Carolina; da Silva Mello, Adison (2016), ‘Estilos de aprendizagem uma análise dos alunos do curso de engenharia em uma universidade particular na cidade de São Paulo’, Revista Eletrônica Sala de Aula em Foco 5 (1), 78-96.
San, La; Ye, Yan (2014), ‘A Comparative Study of Ethnic Students’ Learning Styles in Learning Burmese Language and their Achievement in Selected Schools in Pyin oo Lwin, Mandalay Region, Myanmar’, Scholar Human Sciences 6 (2), 13-18.
Saleh Alkahtani, Saeed (2016), Language Learning Strategies among Saudi EFL College Students and their Relationship to Students’ Perceptual Learning Style, Gender, Academic Major and Proficiency Level, Tennessee, University of Tennessee Doctoral thesis.
Shen, Ming-Yueh (2010), ‘Effects of Perceptual Learning Style Preferences on L2 Lexical Inferencing’, System 38 (4), 539-547.
Sun, Peijian Paul; Teng, Lin Sophie (2017), ‘Profiling Perceptual Learning Styles of Chinese as a Second Language Learners in University Settings’, Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 46, 1529-1548.
Tabanlioğlu, Selime (2003), The Relationship between Learning Styles and Language Learning Strategies of Pre-Intermediate EAP Students, Ankara, Middle East Technical University MA thesis.
Tai, Fang-Mei (2013), ‘Adult EFL Students’ Preferred Learning Styles and Motivation’, The Journal of Human Resource and Adult Learning 9 (2), 161-171.
Teshome, Aschalew (2012), ‘Teacher’s Perception and Practice of Active Learning in Haramaya University Eastern Ethiopia: The Case of Faculty of Education’, Star Journal 1 (4), 74-83.
Tuan, Luu Trong (2011), ‘EFL Learners’ Learning Styles and their Attributes’, Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 2 (2), 299-320.
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Published
2020-12-31
How to Cite
Domínguez Pelegrín, J. (2020). Perceptual Learning Style Preference Questionnaire: A review of a language learning styles survey. Rhesis. International Journal of Linguistics, Philology and Literature, 11(1), 319-335. https://doi.org/10.13125/rhesis/5650
Section
Articoli
